| 瓶盖儿 |
2006-05-23 00:38 |
英语阅读(二)词汇表
英语阅读(二)词汇表
UNIT 1 ANIMAL EDUCATION
behavior n. way of acting 行为
bound v. leap 跳跃
cage n. a place where birds or animals are kept 笼子
camera n. an instrument to take pictures 照相机
companion n. a person or animal that spends time with another 同伴，伙伴
compatible a. suitable 适合的
cover vt. travel a certain distance 行过(路程)
criminal n. a man who has broken the law 罪犯，犯人
deliver v. hand over 传递
disturbance n. things that distract one’s mind 打扰，干扰
entertaining a. amusing 有趣的
escape v. avoid 逃脱，避免
factor n. a particular side 方面
fasten v. fix firmly 扎牢，系牢
hind a. of a back part 后面的，在后的
instinct n. tendency without training 天性
intelligence n. ability to learn and understand 智力
jungle n. a tropical forest too thick to walk through easily 丛林
odor n. smell 气味
particularly ad. especially 尤其
perform v. do 从事，做
photograph v. take pictures (为……)拍照
physical a. of a concerning the body 身体的
popular a. well liked 受欢迎的
property n. things that are owned 财产
retrieve v. bring back 取回，带回
spring vi. jump suddenly from the ground 跳跃
temperamental a. of nature 性情的
track (down) v. find after search 追踪，追捕
traffic n. the movement of people or cars, trucks, etc 交通
trail n. path across rough country 小道，路径
unexpected a. never thought to happen 想不到的
utilize v. make use of 利用
circus n. 马戏团
UNIT 2 BARGAINS
advantageous a. profitable, helpful 有利的，有帮助的
breathtaking a. very unusual and astonishing 惊奇的，令人吃惊的
bulk n. great quantity 大批，大量
decent a. right and suitable 适当的
equivalent n. sth. that is equal to sth. else in value amount, etc. 等值物，相等物
extort v. obtain by force or threats 敲诈，勒索
extravagant a. uncontrolled 放肆的，越轨的
fade v. decrease 消失，衰弱
greedy a. filled with strong desire for sth. 贪婪的
impertinence n. rudeness or being not respectful 不礼貌，傲慢，鲁莽
loo n. water-closet 洗手间，厕所
market v. send to market for sale (在市场上)销售
novelty n. newness, strangeness 新颖，新奇
orthodox a. generally accepted or approved 正统的，传统的，习俗的
outrage v. offend greatly 伤害，凌辱
pengo n. 辩戈(匈牙利从前的货币单位，1941年为福林所代替)
pensioner n. a person who is receiving money paid by a government because of old age or illness 领取抚恤金(或养老金等)者
plead v. admit; declare in official language that one is ( in a state of) 承认，申明
resist v. force oneself not to accept 抵制，抗拒
roller-skate v. skate with small wheels for use on a smooth surface 穿四轮滑冰鞋滑冰
sane a. healthy in mind 心智健全的，神志正常的
sticky a. tending to stick to what is touched 粘性的，胶粘的
tastily ad. pleasingly to the taste 美味的，可口地
tremendous a. very great, enormous 极大的，巨大的
trifle n. a thing of little value or importance 小事，琐事
utterly ad. completely 完全地，彻底地
vaguely ad. not clearly felt or understood 含糊的，模糊的，不明确的
UNIT 3 BLOOD TESTING
accident n. sth. esp. sth. unpleasant, undesirable or damaging, that happens unexpectedly or by chance 意外的事；事故
circulate v. move or flow along a closed path 循环；环流
clump v. gather into or form a mass 丛生；成群
concentration n. the measure of the amount of a substance contained in a liquid 浓度
condition n. the state of general health or fitness 状况，状态
consequence n. sth. that follows from an action or condition; result 结果，后果
determine v. decide; find out (the exact facts) 决定，确定
donate v. make a gift of (sth.) esp. for a good purpose 捐赠，赠送
donor n. 损赠者；捐血者（blood~）
gobble n. eat quickly, and sometimes noisily 狼吞虎咽
infect v. put disease into the body of (sb.) 传染；感染
invade v. attack and spread into so as to take control of 侵入；侵袭
laboratory n. a building or room in which a scientist works, with apparatus for the examination and testing of materials 实验室；研究室
microscope n. an instrument with lenses for making very small objects seem larger 显微镜
mixture n. a set of substances mixed together, which keep their separate qualities while combined in one mass 混合物；混合剂
release v. set free; allow to come out 释放；放出
response n. an action done in answer 响应；反应
sensitive a. quick to show or feel the effect of a force or of the presence of sth. 敏感的
separate v. set or move apart 分离，分开
soar v. go upward, esp. far of fast 高涨；猛增
stab v. strike forcefully into with sth. pointed, esp. with a weapon to wound 刺入
substance n. material; a type of matter 物质
technician n. a highly skilled scientific or industrial worker; specialist in the practical details of a subject 技术员；技师；技术专家
transfuse v. put (the blood of one person) into the body of another 输（血）
variety n. difference of condition or quality 多样化；变化
anti-A antibody 抗A抗体
antibody n.抗体
antigen n.抗原
serum n.血清
small intestine 小肠
subtype n. 分型
UNIT 4 HEY, I’M THE CUSTOMER
acknowledge v. show that one recognizes someone else 对（人）打招呼
appreciation n. grateful feelings 感谢
appreciative a. thankful, grateful 感谢的，感激的
betray v. make sth. known 泄露
casually ad. with little attention or responsibility 漫不经心地
cliche n. an out-dated idea or expression 陈腐思想；陈词滥调
counter n. a table where people are served in a shop,bank, etc. 柜台
demanding a. requiring 要求高的
effective a. having noticeable effect 有效的
focus on direct one’s attention to 注视
go about begin to work at 着手
greet v. welcome sb. with words or actions 欢迎；问候
identify v. see clearly; prove sth. true 看清楚；鉴定
impression n. what is left in one’s mind after seeing sb. or sth. 印象
inattentiveness n. giving no attention 漫不经心
individual a. suitable for each person only 个人的，个体的
inflection n. change of voice in level 音变
intuitively ad. directly 直觉地，本能地
memorable a. worth remembering 值得纪念的；难忘的
preoccupied a. inattentive; with the mind fixed on sth. else 出神的；一心想着别的
product n. sth. produced in a factory or on a farm 产品，产物
rapport n. friendly relationship 友好关系
receptionist n. a person who receives customers, visitors, patients, etc. 接待员
response n. answer 回答
retail v. sell goods to the general public 零售
strengthen v. make sth. strong or stronger 加强
subtle a. delicate, hardly noticeable 微妙的；难以觉察的
vehicle n. a machine that carries people or things from place to place 运输工具；车辆
veiled a. hidden; masked 隐藏的；遮掩的
verbally ad. in spoken words 口头地
virtually ad. almost, very nearly 几乎，简直
dental a. 牙齿的
mileage n. 英里数；里程
telemarketing n. 电讯直销
UNIT 5 LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS? OF COURSE!
absorb v. take in or suck in 吸收
atmosphere n. the mixed gases that surrounds any heavenly body 大气，大气层
celestial a. of or belonging to the sky or heaven 天的，天空的
collaborate v. work together of with someone else 合作，协作
colonize v. make a group of people from the same country or the same religion live together in another place or country 移(民)于殖民地
communicate v. share of exchange opinions, news, information (意见等的)交换，交流
conceal v. hide; keep from being seen or known 隐藏，隐瞒
dim a. not bright 不明亮的
emission n. the act of sending out (esp. heat, light, smell, sound) 散发，发射
explore v. travel into or through (a space for the purpose of discovery) 勘探，探险
homogeneity n. parts of the same kind 同种；同质
imagine v. form ( a picture or idea) in the mind 想象；设想
inhabit v. live in 居住于；栖息于
intelligence n. mental ability 智力；才智
loft v. make high into the air 把…向高处发射
observation n. action of noticing or watching 注意；观察
opinion n. idea 意见；看法
permit v. allow 允许；许可
phenomenon n. a fact or event in nature as it appears or is experienced by the senses, esp. one that is unusual and/or of scientific interest 现象
precise a. exact in form, detail, measurements, time, etc. 精确的，准确的
probe n. an apparatus sent into the sky to examine condition in outer space 探测器；探测飞船
revolutionize . cause a complete change 彻底变革
rig n. a piece of apparatus (for a special purpose) 钻探设备(平台)；装备；设备
satellite n. a heavenly body moving around a larger one 卫星
slightly ad. a bit; not greatly 稍微，一点儿
solar a. of, from, or concerning the sun 太阳的，来自太阳的，与太阳有关的
space n. where other heavenly bodies move 空间，太空
telescope n. a tubelike scientific instrument used for seeing distant objects by making them appear nearer and larger 望远镜
vessel n. a ship or large boat 船
comet n. 彗星
extraterrestrial a. 地球大气圈外的
galaxy n. 星系；(G-)银河(系)
luminescence n. 发光
Mars n. 火星
molecule n. 分子
Neptune n. 海王星
orbit n. (天体)运行轨道
planet n. 行星
rendezvous n.宇宙飞船汇合点
Venus n. 金星
UNIT 6 TWILIGHT ROBBERY ON THE GREEN
assailant n. attacker 攻击者
be-leathered a. wearing a leather jacket or suit; dressed in leather 穿皮衣服的
brisk a. quick and active 轻快的，活跃的
catch up v. bring or come up to date; come up from behind 赶上
coercion n. using force or threats of punishment 压制，高压统治
con n. trick 骗局
confide vt. tell a secret to sb. 吐露（秘密等）
courteously a. politely, kindly 有礼貌的
critic n. a person who forms and gives judgements, esp. for art, music, etc. 批评家，评论家
dole out vt. give in small quantities 少量地发放（救济品）embarrassment n. feeling of shame 窘迫
expletive n. meaningless words used for swearing, to express violent feelings 赌咒语
groggily ad. weakly; unsteadily 虚弱地；脚步踉跄地
jostle vt. knock or push against 挤，推
lurch vi. move with irregular and sudden movements 蹒跚，东倒西歪地向前
overdone a. cooked too much 煮得太久的
particular n. detail 细节
philanthropic a. kind and helpful 慈善的
profusely ad. plentifully; abundantly 极其丰富的，充沛的；过多的
relentless a. without pity 无情的，不仁慈的
respective a. of or for each one; particular and separate 各个的，分别的
review n. an article giving judgments on new books, plays, and public events 评论（文章），综述
scrabble v. move wildly and quickly 挣扎
scruffy a. dirty and untidy 褴褛的，不整洁的
sozzled a. drunk 烂醉的
stew vt. cook slowly and gently in liquid in a closed vessel 煨，炖
stocky a. thick, short and strong 矮胖的，粗壮的
sturdy a. strong and firm, esp. in body 强健的，茁壮的
thrash v. move wildly or violently about 猛烈摆动，颠簸
thrust v. push forcefully and suddenly 刺，戳
trio n. any group of 3 people or things 三重奏，三件套，三人一组
tuck v. draw together into a small place; put into a desired or convenient position 折拢；塞
twilight n. the time when day is just starting to become night; the faint darkish light in the sky during this time 黄昏，暮色
unshaven a. not shaved 不剃须的
venom n. great hatred; liquid poison which certain snakes, insects, etc. use in biting or stinging 恶意；（毒蛇等的）毒液
whereupon ad. immediately after that 因此，于是
Adam’s apple 喉结
UNIT 7 SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST
adapt vt. change so as to be suitable for 使适应，使适合
background n. the scenery of ground behind sth. 背景
blend vt. (cause to) mix 混合；把…混为一体
camouflage n. a way of using colouring or shape which makes it difficult to see or find sth. 伪装；掩饰
consist of be made up of 由…构成;由…组成
contrast vt. compare so that differences are made clear 对照；比较
creature n. a living animal 生物；动物
deform vt. spoil the form of; spoil the appearance of 损坏…的形状；使变丑
evolve vi. develop gradually 进展；进化
evolutionary a. 发展的；进化的
extinct a. no longer in existence 灭绝的；绝种的
grime n. a surface of thick black dirt (表面上的)积垢
hypothesis n. idea which is thought suitable to explain the facts about sth. 假设；前提
investigate v. make a careful study of 调查研究；调查
mutation n. change in the cells of a living thing (细胞的)变异
mystery n. sth. that can not be explained or understood 神秘的事物；不可思议的事物
opposite a. contrary or entirely different 相反的；对立的
predator n. animal living by killing and eating other animals 捕食者；捕食其它动物者
prey v. take or hunt as food 捕猎
n. an animal that is hunted and eaten by another animal 被捕食者
recapture v. take or make prisoner again 重获；夺回
reject v. refuse to accept 拒绝；抵制
release v. set free 释放；解放
reproduce v. bring forth as offspring; produce the young of 繁殖；生殖
soot n. black power left by smoke on surface 煤烟；烟灰
suppose v. let it be thought that 猜想；想象
survival n. the fact or likelihood of surviving 幸存；残存；存活
survive v. continue to live, esp. after coming close to death 幸存；活下来
trunk n. the main stem of a tree 树干
vice versa the other way round 反过来
visible a. that can be seen 看得见的，可见的
chameleon n. 变色晰蜴；变色龙
chromosome n. 染色体
gene n. 基因
genetic a. 基因的；遗传学的
percentage n.百分比
UNIT 8 WHAT ARE COMPUTERS?
achievement n. sth. successfully finished or gained, esp. through skill and hard work 完成，成就
advance n. development or improvement; forward movement 前进，进展
attach vt. fix; fasten; join 缚，系
carving n. making by cutting 雕刻
count vt. tell or find the total number of 数数，计算
distract v. draw sb.’s attention away from sth. 使（人）分心
distribute v. give out or deliver; divide among several or many 分发，分配
fraction n. a very small piece or amount 碎片，小部分
gather v. obtain bit by bit 收集
imitate v. take as an example; make a likeness of 模仿
industrialize vt. cause to become industrially developed 使工业化
keep track of keep oneself informed about a person, state of affairs, etc. 使自己了解情况
manipulation n. handling; controlling 操纵，应付，处理
originality n. the quality of being of a new type or different from others of the same type 独创性，创造力
processing n. putting facts, numbers, etc. into computer for examination (输入计算机)处理
regardless of without worrying about; careless about 不管，无论如何
register v. show or record; put into an official list or record 登记，注册
sufficiently ad. enough 足够地
survey v. examine the general condition of审视，概括地观察
tremendous a. very great in size, amount, or degree 极大的
troublesome a. causing trouble or anxiety; annoying 令人烦恼的，讨厌的
analog n. 类似物
carrier pigeon 信鸽
digital a. 数字的
electronic a. 电子的
equation n. 等式
graph n. （曲线）图；图表
hieroglyphic n. 象形文字
lever n. 杆；杠杆
microscope n. 显微镜
pulley n. 滑轮
tablet n. 书板（古代用木、石等制成的平板，供写刻文字用）
telescope n. 望远镜
turnstile n. （入口处等的）旋转式栅门；绕杆
UNIT 9 HOW DO HOMING PIGEONS FIND HOME?
ability n. power and skill, esp. to do, think, act, make etc. 能力，才能
accurate a. free of mistakes; exactly correct 准确的；精确的
biology n. the scientific study of living thing 生物学
blur v. make difficult to see (through or with) clearly 把…弄得模糊不清
brass n. a very hard bright yellow metal, a mixture of copper and zinc 黄铜
built-in a. internally fixed 内在的，固定的
compass n. an instrument for showing direction, usu. consisting of a free-moving magnetic needle which always moves to point to the north 指南针
complex a. difficult to understand or explain 难以理解的；复杂的
extra a. beyond what is usual or necessary 额外的
measure v. find the size, length, amount, etc. 量；测量；估量
messenger n. a person who brings one or more pieces of information 送信者；使者
mystery n. sth. which can not be explained or understood 神秘的事物；难以解释的事物
navigate v. direct the course of ( a ship, plane, etc.) 导航
overcast a. dark with clouds 多云的；阴暗的
race v. compete in speed 比速度；参加竞赛
shift v. change in position or direction; move from one place to another 转变；转移
biological clock 生物钟
gelatin n. 动物胶
magnetic a. 有磁性的
UNIT 10 WALKING IN SPACE
astronaut n. a person who travels through space in a space vehicle 宇航员
attain v. reach 到达
comparable a. capable of being compared 可比较的
conquest n. gaining control over 征服，赢得
cosmos n. the whole universe 宇宙
crush v. press or be pressed, so that there is breaking or injury 压碎，榨
demonstrate vt. show clearly by giving proofs or examples 表演，演示
deprive v. take away from; prevent from using or enjoying 剥夺，使丧失
diffuse v. cause to spread out freely in all directions 使扩散，使渗出
directly ad. straightly 直率地
disappointed a. sad at not getting what was hoped for 失望的
disk n. round, flat-like object 圆盘状物
distance n. the amount of separation in space or time 时空上的距离
drift v. float or be driven along by wind, waves or current 漂移，使漂流
equip v. provide with what is necessary 装备，配备
feat n. noteworthy achievement 功绩
gravity n. force of attraction between any two objects, esp. that force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth 引力，重力
inkling n. hint 暗示、细微的迹象
permit v. allow 允许
phenomenon n. fact or event that appears to or is perceived by the senses 现象
previous a. happening, coming or being earlier in time or order 先前的，过早的
realm n. complete domain 领域，范围
relief n. elevation of land surfaces 地势的起伏
resemble v. look or be like 像，类似
resistance n. force opposed to anything moving 抵抗力，阻力
revolution n. circular movement round a fixed point 旋转，绕转
revolve v. spin or go round in a circle 旋转，绕转
simultaneously at the same time 同时地
spaceship a vehicle able to travel in space 宇宙飞船
subject (to) v. bring under control; cause to undergo or experience; expose 使隶属；使遭受；使暴露
swell up increase in fullness and roundness 膨胀
twinkle v. shine with a light that gleams unsteadily 闪烁，闪耀
wanderings n. movement from place to place 漫游，闲逛
bellows n. 风箱
gravitation n. 万有引力，地心引力
satellite n. 卫星
shutter n. (照相机）快门
velvet n. 天鹅绒
UNIT 11 DO WE NEED EXTRA VITAMINS?
appetite n. physical desire for food 食欲
application n. use应用
arise v. come into existence; appear 出现
attendant a. connected with 伴随的；有联系的
authority n. the power or right to make others obey and believe 权；权力
category n. division or class in a complete system or grouping 种类
challenge v. question the lawfulness or rightness of 对…表示异议，怀疑
compensate v. give sth. to make up 弥补
confine v. restrict 限制
contender n. rival, competitor 竞争者；对手
deficiency n. the state of being short of 缺乏；不足
derive v. get 获得,得到
describe v. say what is like 描写；描述
dictate v. drive 驱使
element n. a small amount 小量
excrete v. get rid of waste from the body 排泄
genuine a. real 真正的
guardian n. one who is responsible for the care of a person and his property 保护人
indiscriminately ad. as one wishes 随心所欲地
individual n. a single being 个人
instinctively ad. subconsciously 本能地，下意识地
investigate v. make a careful study of 调查
junk n. material of poor quality 劣质品
lapse n. shortage 缺乏
mimic v. appear so like 酷似
pertinent a. relevant 有关的，相干的
potent a. strongly effective 有效力的
prudent a. careful 谨慎的；小心的
purchase n. buying 买
relieve v. lessen 减轻
replace v. take the place of 取代
resort n. the thing offering help 所求助的东西
rubbish n. waste material 垃圾；废物
safeguard n. the thing to give protection 保护物
scarcely ad. almost not 几乎不
super a. wonderful 极好的
supplement n. sth. added 添加物
teetotaler n. one who never touches wine 滴酒不沾的人
trial n. testing 试验
ubiquitous a. appearing or existing everywhere 无处不在的
calory n.(热量)卡
carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物
clinical a. 临床的
density n. 浓度
dose n. 剂量
hamburger n. 汉堡包
mineral n. 矿物质
nutrition n. 营养
nutritious n. 营养的
pizza n.(意大利)馅饼
placebo n.安慰药
prophylactic a. 预防性的
protein n. 蛋白质
psychological a. 心理上的
psychology n.心理学
snack n. 快餐
symptom n. 症状
therapeutic a. 治疗的
therapy n. 疗法
urine n. 尿
vitamin n. 维生素
UNIT 12 THE CONSUMER
abundance n. a great quantity; plenty 丰富，充裕
account for make up, cover 占
accumulate v. collect 积累，积聚
adjust v. change to fit new conditions 调整，调节
ahead adv. forward 向前
brand n. a class of goods which is the product of a particular firm or producer 商标，牌子
breadwinner n. the person who supports the family 养家活口的人
cash n. money in coins or notes 现金，现款
ceiling n. the highest limit 最高限度
charge n. the price asked or paid for an article or service 索要的价钱，费用
competitor n. rival 竞争者；对手
confront v. face boldly or threateningly 面对，面临
consumer n. a person who buys and uses goods and services 消费者，用户
cue n. an indirect suggestion 暗示
decline n. loss of strength 下降；衰退
disposable a. that can be used 可以使用的，可以利用的
economize v. save 节约，节省
endless a. never stopping 无止境的；没完的
essentially ad. basically 基本地
even out have equal share of 平分
firm n. business company 公司；商行
forgo v. give up 放弃
fund n. a sum of money for special use 资金，基金
goal n. one’s aim or purpose one wishes to reach 目的，目标
inflation n. the rising cost of living 通货膨胀；物价飞涨
insurance n. agreement by contract to pay money in case of a misfortune 保险
involve v. have sth. as a result 牵涉；包括
lay off dismiss, fire 解雇
manufacturer n. a person or firm that produces goods 制造商；生产厂
match with make sth. suitable for use with 与…相配；与… 相适合
mortgage n. an agreement to have money lent, esp. to buy a house 抵押
necessity n. something that is necessary 必需品
normally ad. usually 一般地；通常
obligation n. duty 责任，职责
operate v. work 操作；工作
output n. production 生产；产量
periodically ad. at regular intervals 定期地；周期地
plague v. cause continual discomfort or trouble to 折磨；使苦恼
policy-holder a person who pays money for insurance 投保人，保险客户
poll n. survey of public opinions 民意测验
premium n. a sum of money paid to an insurance company 保险费
produce n. product 产品
prospect n. hope 希望；前景
reap v. obtain or gain (a reward of action or work ) 获得，得到
recession n. a period of reduced activity of trade （工商业的）衰退
regulation n. control 控制
repossess v. have the ownership again 重新占有
sale n. selling of goods at low prices; selling 减价出售；拍卖；卖，出售
scarce a. hard to find 难以找到的；稀有的；珍贵的
schedule n. timetable 时间表
seemingly ad. in appearance 表面地
slacken v. reduce in activity 减慢；（商业）呆滞
sputter v. stop woking 停息，停掉
stampede n. rush 蜂拥
temporary a. lasting for only a period of time 暂时的；临时的
tight a. difficult to get 难以得到的
trigger v. lead to 引导，导致
tug n. a hard fight 激烈的较量；拉锯战
typical a. very usual of a type 典型的
unmarketable a. unable to be sold in the market 不能在市场上出售的
utility n. any useful service for the public 公用事业
vary v. be different; change 不同；变化
view n. a personal opinion, idea, belief, etc. 观点，见解，意见
worthwhile a. worth doing 值得干的
disposable income 可支配收入
real-estate 房地产，不动产
UNIT 13 WOMEN AND TOBACCO
advocate n. a person who speaks for or supports an idea, way of life, etc. 鼓吹者；提倡者
affluent a. having plenty of money or other possessions 丰富的；富裕的
agenda n. a list of the business or subjects to be considered at a meeting 议事日程表
appropriate a. correct or suitable 适当的；合适的
ban v. forbid, esp. by law 禁止
cessation n. a short pause or a stop 停止
dramatic a. sudden or exciting 戏剧般的；激动人心的
encourage v. give courage or hope to (sb.) 鼓励；促进
enthusiasm n. a strong feeling of interest and admiration 热情；热心
environment n. all the surrounding conditions which influence growth and development 环境
epidemic n. a very common infectious disease in a place for a time 流行病；时疫
escalate v. rise one after the other 逐渐上升
estimate v. calculate; form an opinion as to the degree 估计；估量
expose v. make known ( a secretly guilty person or action) 揭露；暴露
glamorous a. having or causing the power of attraction 有魅力的
hazard n. (of activity) which contains risk or danger 危险；冒险
identify v. power or show who or what a particular person or thing is 认出；识别；验明
impact n. the force of an idea, invention, system, etc 效果；影响；冲击
increasingly ad. more and more all the time 日益
induce v. lead (sb.) (into an act) often by persuading 引诱；劝使
involuntary a. acting or done unwillingly 非自愿的
legislate v. make laws 立法
mortality n. the number of deaths from a certain cause 死亡数
pollute v. make (air, water, soil, etc.) dangerously impure or unfit to use 污染
predicate v. state firmly 断言；声明
respiratory v. connected with breathing 呼吸（作用）的
responsible a. morally liable for the carrying out of some duty 有责任的；尽责的
restrict v. keep within limits 限制；约束
revenue n. in come, esp. that which the government receives as taxes （国家的）税收
reverse v. change to the opposite 反向；颠倒
statistics n. collected numbers which represent facts or measurements 统计数字；统计资料
subtle a. delicate, hardly noticeable, and esp. pleasant 精巧的；敏感的
tackle v. deal with (a matter) 处理；解决
toll n. the cost in health, life, etc. from illness, an accident 重大的代价,损失;(事故的)伤亡人数
cardiovascular a. 心血管（性）的
lethal stroke 由于中风而引起的死亡
UNIT 14 WATER IN INDUSTRY
accessible a. able to be reached 可接近的，能进去的
alter v. change in character, appearance, etc. 改变
bleach v. make or become white 漂白
condense v. (of a gas ) change to liquid 冷凝
dam n. a wall or bank built to keep back water 水坝，水堤
dense a. Crowded together in great numbers 密集的；稠密的
deposit n. layer of matter left 沉淀，淤积
derive v. obtain, get 取得，得到
devise v. think out (plans) 想出（计划）
dye v. color, usu. by dipping in a liquid 染，把…染上颜色
evaporate v. change into steam and disappear 蒸发；挥发
exert v. put forth产生
exploit v. develop fully so as to get profit 开发，利用
extract v. take out with a machine or instrument or by chemical means 取出；提取
extraction n. the act of extracting 提取
fraction n. small part 小部分；一点儿
hydroelectric a. of electricity produced by water power 水力发电的
inaccessible a. that cannot be reached 达不到的；难接近的
inexhaustible a. that cannot be used up completely 用不完的；无穷无尽的
initial a. of or at the beginning 最初的，开始的
moisture n. water or other liquids in the form of steam or mist潮气，湿气
process n. method,esp. one used in manufacture of industry 工序；制作法
regulate v. fix or control 控制，操纵
source n. place from which sth. comes or is got 来源地；来源
ultimately ad. basically; finally 基本地；最终
utilize v. make use of 利用
vital a. very necessary 必不可少的，极其重要的
calcium n. 钙
carbonate n. 碳酸盐
dissolved a. 溶于液体中的
gravity n. 万有引力
ingot n. （金属）铸块，锭
UNIT 15 SAMPLING THE MARKET
absolutely ad. completely 绝对地；完全地
allocation n. the giving of shares 分配；配给
appreciably ad. noticeably; enough to be fact, or considered important 可估计地；足以感到地
at random aimlessly without any plan 无目的；无计划
categorization n. putting in a class or category 分类
category n. kind; class; type 种类；类目
certainty n. freedom of doubt 无疑问；确实
deviation n. the difference (between a measure and the average of all the measures 偏差
diagonal a. slanting 斜的
estimate v. calculate; form an opinion as to the degree of sth. 估计；评价
extrapolate v. guess from known facts 推知；推断
fluke n. a lucky accident 侥幸
freak n. a living creature of unnatural form; a person with father strange habits or ideas 畸形的人
lopsided a. having one side heavier or lower than the other; not balanced 倾斜的；不平衡的
observations n. saying or writings about things noticed 观察材料(或报告)
potential a. existing in possibility 潜在的；有可能性的
probability n. likelihood; the chance of an event happening 可能性
provided conj. on condition that; if us …为条件；假如
questionnaire a piece of paper showing a set of questions to be answered 问题表；调查表
representative a. typical 代表性的；典型的
rogue n. a very dishonest person, esp. a man 流氓；无赖
sampling n. calculating by taking and examining a small part representing the whole 取样检验
skew a. not straight; sloping or twisted 斜的；歪的；偏的
stroke n. a line made by a single movement of a pen or brush in writing 一笔；一划
subdivision smaller group or class produced by further dividing 由再分分出的部份；细分
sympathetic a. having or slowing the ability to share the feelings of others 同情的；有同情心的
tally n. mark to register a fixed number of objects or units 计数的签；筹码；记录
throw up v. produce 产生
tolerance n. margin of error; the amount by which the measure of a value can vary from the amount intended 容限；容许量
tolerate vt. allow; permit 容忍；默许
cross-section 横断面；截面
formular n. 公式
histogram n. 直方图；矩形图
gradient n. 斜度；变化率
margin n. 差数；幅度；余地；界限
polling n. 民意测验
proportional a. 成正比例的；相称的
statistician n. 统计员；统计学家
statistics n. 统计；统计学；统计资料
UNIT 16 GETTING THE MOST FROM THE MICRO BOOM
affordable a. able to be bought 买得起
anguish n. severe suffering 极度的痛苦
apparent a. easily seen or understood; plain 显而易见的
available a. that can be obtained 能得到的
axiom n. statement accepted as true without proof or argument 公理；格言
boom n. rapid growth or increase 激增，暴涨
commodity n. a thing of use sold for profit 商品
consequently ad. as a result 结果
corrupt a. immoral; depraved; dishonest 不道德的；腐败的；不诚实的
delay v. & n. put off until later; stop for a time or cause to be late; the act of delaying or the state of being delayed 推迟，耽搁，延误
denote v. indicate 表示，指示
detail v. describe fully 详述
diverse a. of different kinds 多种多样的
entrepreneur n. a person who organises and manages a commercial undertaking 企业家
forethought n. wise planning for future needs 深谋远虑
illustrate vt. explain by examples （用例子）阐明
inextricably a. inseparably 无法摆脱的
main n. principal pipe bringing water or gas （水或煤气等的）总管道
marked a. clear; readily seen 清楚的，显而易见的
portion n. part 部分
precise a. exact in form, detail, time, measurements, etc. 精确的
primarily ad. mainly; chiefly 主要的，首要的
programming n. supplying a computer with a plan of the operations to be performed 程序输入
rage v. be very violent 大怒
sizable a. rather large (=sizeable) 相当大的
specimen n. one as an example of a class 抽样，标本
startlingly ad. surprisingly; shockingly 惊人地
tangible a. that can be felt by touch 可触知的
vague a. not clear in meaning 含糊的
variation n. difference or alternation 变化，变更
wary a. careful 小心翼翼的
wreak havoc cause widespread damage 浩劫；造成严重破坏
adaptor n. 接合器；接头
desktop a. 台式的
ledger n. 分类帐
UNIT 17 MOST IMPORTANT THING YOU CAN DO FOR YOUR CHILD
advocate v. speak in favor of (an idea or plan) 拥护；提倡
auditorium n. a hall where people sit when listening to or watching a performance 礼堂；讲堂
context n. the setting of a word, phrase, etc. 上下文
dismiss v. treat as not serious; put away 不予考虑
essence n. the most important quality of a thing 精粹；本质
foremost a. most important 最重要的
giggle v. laugh repeatedly in an uncontrolled manner esp. by young girls 咯咯地笑
hook v. attract, catch as if with a hook 引(人)上钩；欺骗
hug v. hold (someone) tightly in the arm 紧抱；紧紧拥抱
hunch n. idea based on feeling 预感
illustrate v. explain 说明；阐明
lament v. express sorrow for 悲痛；伤心
nourish v. cause to stay alive or grow by giving food, etc 养育；施肥于；供给营养
nuance n. a slight delicate quality or difference in meaning, etc. 细微差别
nurture v. give care to, educate 养育；培育
phenomenal a. very unusual 非凡的；出众的
proficiency n. being thoroughly skilled, well practiced 熟练；精通
promote v. bring to public notice in order to increase (sales, fame, etc) 宣传；推销(商品等)
sheepishly ad. uncomfortably from being fearful of others 局促不安地；恐惧不安地
spot v. pick out with the eye; recognize 认出；发现
stake n. interest; something that may be gained or lost 利益；利害关系；赌注
stimulate v. increase in activity; excite the body or mind 促进；激发；刺激
subscribe v. pay regularly to receive a magazine, etc. 订阅；预订
voracious a. showing a limitless eagerness for sth. 贪婪的；贪得无厌的
syndrome n. (医)综合病症(表现为身体或脑部的紊乱)
parenting n. 父母对待子女般的照顾（指要像父母对待子女那样照顾某人）
UNIT 18 BY THEIR COLOURS YOU SHALL KNOW THEM
aquamarine n. bluish green 蓝绿色
biannual a. every two years 一年两次的
brash a. hasty and too bold 轻率的；鲁莽的
calculate v. plan or design 计划，打算
colourwise ad. in connection with colour 与颜色有关地
compromise n. act of settling an argument by taking a middle course acceptable to all sides 妥协，和解
coordinate v. work together, esp. to increase effectiveness 协作；协调
denim n. jeans 工装裤；牛仔裤
diversity n. variety 多样性
docile a. easily trained or controlled 容易驯服的；驯顺的，驯良的
ecru n. a pale dull yellowish brown 淡褐色
eye-dazzling a. making unable to see clearly because of too much light or brilliance, etc. 令人眼花缭乱的
femininity n. quality of being suitable for women 女子的气质，女人气
garishly ad. over-colouredly 花花绿绿地；过于花哨地
intangible a. that cannot be touched or grasped 触摸不到的；不可捉摸的
intensity n. strength or depth (of feeling, colour, etc.) 强度；深度
interior n. the inside of a building 内部
pastel n. soft, light, delicate shades of colour 彩色蜡笔
profusion n. abundance, great supply 丰富；大量
prompt v. help to bring ;cause or urge to do sth. 有助于；促使
reorientate v. give different direction or guidance to 再定方向；转而导向
ruby n. red jewel 红宝石
sans prep. without 无，没有
savannah n. treeless, grassy plain in tropical and subtropical America and East and West Africa （美洲及东非，西非的热带、亚热带）无树平原
sceptical a. unwilling to believe; doubtful 不愿相信的；怀疑的
secretariat n. office of the Secretary-General of a large organization 秘书处
shade n. degree or depth of colour (色彩的)浓淡
sizzling a. making a hissing sound as if water falling on hot metal 发出咝咝声的
sophisticated a. having or showing a knowledge of social life and behaviour 老于世故的；老练的，非常有经验的
speculate v. think (about a matter ) without facts that would lead to firm result 推测
subtlety n. the quality of being difficult to perceive or describe 微妙，精巧
succession n. the coming of one thing after another in time or order 连续，接续
surge n. forward movement like powerful waves 汹涌，澎湃
turquoise n. greenish blue precious stone 绿松石
tutelage n. guardianship 守护，保护
unwary a. uncautious 粗心大意的；不警惕的
vermilion n. bright red 朱红色
vibrancy n. thrilling, vibrating 活跃；振动
yuppie n. any of those young professionals of 1960’s variously regarded as upscale, ambitious, materialistic, etc. 城市职业阶层中的年轻人士，雅皮士
zeitigeist n. the spirit of times 时代精神，时代思潮
Aegean a. 爱琴海的
Day-Glo a. 狄格洛加色剂的
neon n. 氖
palette n. 调色板
psychedelic a. 引起幻觉的
pumpkin n. 南瓜；南瓜色
textile n. 纺织品；纺织原料textiles 纺织业
yarn n. 纱，线，毛线
UNIT 19 BEWARE THE DIRTY SEAS
awash a. washed over by the waves 被浪潮冲打的
cleanse v. make clean 使清洁
cluster v. form a close group 使成群；群集；丛生
cope v. manage successfully 妥善处理
destination n. place to which sb. or sth. is going or is being sent 目的地
detergent n. a chemical product used for cleaning clothing, dishes, etc. 清洁剂
effluent n. liquid waste 流出物；液体废物
endemic a. (of a disease) found regularly in a particular place (疾病等)地方性的
filth disgusting dirt 污物
flush v. flow suddenly and freely 奔流；涌
foul v. make dirty or impure 弄脏；污染
gravely ad. seriously 严肃地
hazard n. danger 危险
infect v. give a disease to, contaminate 感染
inhabit v. live in 居住于
landlocked a. almost or entirely surrounded by land 被陆地围住的
lurk . exist unseen; wait in hiding 潜伏
nourish v. keep alive and well with food to, train, educate, or develop 养育；培养；教养
outbreak n. sudden occurrence 爆发
overestimate v. have too high an opinion of the degree or number of 过高估计
periodic a. happening repeatedly at regular times 间歇的；定期的
pollute v. make dirty 污染
popular a. favoured by many people 大众喜爱的
remorseless a. feeling or showing no sorrow for doing wrong 不懊悔的
seductive a. attractive, seemingly enticing 有吸引力的；富有魅力的
sewage n. the waste material and water carried in sewers （阴沟里的）污物
slime n. soft, nasty, thick, sticky mud 软泥；粘泥
sluice v. send a stream of water over 奔流；奔泻
stifle v. prevent from happening or continuing 抑制；镇压
cholera n.霍乱
dysentery n. 痢疾
lagoon n. 环礁湖；咸水湖
paratyphoid n. 副伤寒
pesticide n. 杀虫剂
plankton n. 浮游生物
polio n. 脊髓灰质炎；小儿麻痹症
shellfish n. 水生贝类动物
typhoid n.伤害
viral hepatitis 病毒性肝炎
UNIT 20 OUR DISAPPEARING WILDLIFE
bounty n. money given (by government ) for reward （政府给的）奖励金
carrion n. dead and decaying flesh 腐尸
decompose v. break up and separate into simple parts; decay 分解
departure n. leaving a place 离别
endanger v. put in danger; cause danger to 危害；危及
expansion n. making or becoming larger 扩张，膨胀
exterminate v. make an end of ; destroy completely 根除，灭绝
fatal a. causing or ending in death or disaster 致命的
habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal 动植物产地
hemisphere n. a half of the earth; half a sphere 半球
injurious a. causing harm 致伤的，有害的
millennium n. a period of 1000 years . pl. millennia 一千年
persecution n. cruel treatment 残害，迫害
predator n. wild animal living by killing and eating other amimals 捕食其它动物的野生动物
preserve n. stretch of land or water where animals, birds and fish are kept safe from harm or danger. 禁猎地
prospect n. reasonable hope; sth. which is expected 前程；盼望的事物
refuge n. shelter or protection from danger 避难所
remnant n. a part that remains 剩余部分
roam n. / v. wander with no clear aim 漫步，漫游
scavenger n. a bird or an animal that feeds on wastes or decaying flesh 食腐动物
splendid a. grand in appearance; glorious; very fine; excellent 优异的，壮丽的
subtle a. delicate, hardly noticeable; difficult to perceive or describe 微妙的；难以捉摸的
superstition n. false belief not based on scientific knowledge 迷信
toll n. the cost in health, life, etc. from illness, an accident, etc. 重大的代价；伤亡人数
transition n. changing from one condition to another 变迁，转变
unprecedented a. never done or known before 无前例的
unrelenting a. not becoming less in intensity 不松懈的
wilderness n. an area of land with little life 荒野
bobcat n. （北美东部最常见的一种）野猫
bighorn sheep 大角羊
boll weevil 棉铃象虫
buffalo n. 水牛；野牛
calcium n. 钙
coyote n. （产于北美西部草原的）郊狼，小狼
Department of the Interior 内务部
elk n. 麋
grizzly bear 灰熊
passenger pigeon 旅鸽（一种已经绝种的北美野鸽）
pelican n. 鹈鹕
potato beetle 马铃薯甲虫
prairie dog 草原犬鼠（产于北美，鸣声似狗的一种土拨鼠）
pronghorn antelope *角羚
subspecies 亚种
the Atlantic 大西洋
the Pacific 太平洋
timber wolf （北美北部产的）林狼
whooping crane 鸣鹤
UNIT 21 NEVER BE NERVOUS AGAIN
adjust v. change slightly in order to make suitable for a particular condition 调整；停顿
animate v. give lift to; enliven 使有生命；使活泼，激励
animated a. active and lively 活跃的；生气勃勃的
anxiety n. uneasiness or fear caused by uncertainty about sth. 忧虑；担心；热望
approval n. (official) agreement 批准；同意
armor n. strong protective metal covering on fighting vehicles 盔甲；防护物
benevolent a. having the desire to do good 仁慈的；乐善好施的
bounce v. jump or spring up and down like a boll 跳跃；弹起
conduct v. direct; guide 引导；带领
contract v. become smaller in size 缩小
convey v. make (idea, feeling, etc.) known 传播；转达
deflect v. turn from a straight course or fixed direction 转向；偏斜
exhalation n. breathing out 呼气
focus v. fix a point on, concentrate on 使聚集；集中
fright n. feeling or experience of fear 惊吓；恐怖
grilling n. tough question 严厉盘问
hostility n. the state of being unfriendly, showing strong dislike 敌意；敌视
inhale v. breathe in 吸气；吸入
inspiration n. an urge to produce good and beautiful things 鼓励；鼓舞
inventory n. a list or a survey 清单；概览
lunge v. make a sudden forceful forward movement 冲刺；猛向前冲
nervous a. excited and anxious, worried 紧张不安的；胆怯的
polish v. make as perfect as possible 磨光；使精炼；使优美
positive a. active and certain 积极的；肯定的；确定的
presentation n. the act in which sth. is offered, shown or explained 呈现；展示；提出；描述
quiver v. slightly tremble 颤抖；抖动
resonance n. deep, full, clear and continuous sounding 回声；共鸣
scan v. look at quickly 浏览；粗略地看
screech v. make a very high, sharp sound 发出尖锐刺耳的叫声
seduce v. cause or persuade sb. to do sth. by making it seem attractive 诱惑；勾引
splay v. spread out, become large at one end 展开；向外张开
survey n. a general view 概观；调查
tack n. course of action 行动步骤；方针
vibes n. slight continuous shaky movement 摇摆；激动
wrestle v. fight by holding and throwing body; (with) try one’s best to do 搏斗；全力以赴；深思
momentum n. 动量；势力；推进力
UNIT 22 FUTURE DIRECTIONS
advocate n. a person who speaks for or supports an idea, way of life, etc. 拥护者
boundary n. the limiting or dividing line of surfaces or spaces 分界线，边界
compassionate a. sympathetic 有同情心的
devastate v. destroy completely 摧毁；破坏
disruption n. bringing or throwing into disorder 扰乱
dramatically ad. excitingly 惊人地；显著地
epidemic a. very common in one place for a time 流行性的；传染的 n. a large number of cases of the same infectious disease during a single period of time 流行病，时疫
evaluate v. calculate the value or degree of 估…价，评价
explore v. examine thoroughly in order to test or learn 探究；考查
heed v. give attention to 注意，留意
impact n. influence 影响
implement n. a tool or instrument 工具，器具v. carry out or put into practice 贯彻；履行
infectious a. (of a disease ) which can be spread by infection 传染的；传染性的
intervene v. interrupt sth., esp. to prevent a bad result 干涉；干预
jeopardize v. endanger 使受危险；危害
mitigate v. lessen the seriousness of ( wrong or harmful action ) 减轻
mortality n. the number of deaths from a certain cause 死亡数
multilateral a. concerning or including more that 2 groups of people esp. who have different interests and needs but come together in an agreement 多边的；涉及多方的
pledge v. make a solemn promise or agreement 发誓；保证
prevalence n. existing commonly, generally, or widely 流行，盛行；普遍
promote v. support; help in the growth of 促进；
soar v. fly; go fast or high 高飞；猛增，剧增
sustain v. bear (difficulty) 忍受；经受住
transmit v. send or pass from one person, place, or thing to another 传送；传达
virus n. a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infections disease in the body, in plants, etc. 病毒
vulnerable a. weak; not well protected; easily attacked 脆弱的；易受伤害的
AIDS n. 获得性免疫缺损综合症，艾滋病
HIV 人类免疫缺乏病毒
microbicide n. 杀菌剂
USAID美国国际发展机构
vaccine n. 疫苗 痘苗
UNIT 23 FUTURE TECH IS NOW
absolute a. complete, perfect 完全的，纯粹的
accelerate v. (cause to) move faster, increase speed 加速，增加速度
ambitious a. having a strong desire for success, power, riches, etc. 有雄心的
balmy a. (of air) soft and warm, mild 温和的，柔和的
benign a. not dangerous to life 有益于健康的
bionic a. having powers that are greater than those of ordinary human beings有超人力量的
brittle a. easily damaged, or destroyed 易破碎的，易损坏的
candidate n. a person or thing who wants, or whom others want, to be chosen for position 侯选人，被选择的东西
ceramic a. of a connected with the art or practice of making bricks, pots, etc. by shaping bits of clay and baking until hard 制陶的，陶器的
crumbly a. easy to break into very small pieces 易碎的
dexterous a. skillful, having or showing the quality of ability, cleverness, and skill, esp. in the use of the hands (身，手)灵巧的
explode v. blow up or burst 爆炸
extraction n. the act of pulling or taking out often with difficulty 抽出，榨取
far-fetched a. improbable or forced 未必确定的，牵强的
feasible a. able to be carried out or done possible 行得通的
flexible a. that can change or be changed to be suitable for new needs, changed conditions etc. 可变通的，灵活的
focus n. the central point, place of greatest activity 中心点，焦点
foul v. become dirty, impure, or blocked with waste matter 弄脏，使壅塞
genius n. a person with great and special ability 天才
glimmer n. a small sign, a faint unsteady light 模糊的感觉，微光
immune a. unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself, free from 有免疫力的，免除的
incredible a. too strange to be believed, unbelievable 难以置信的
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making or arranging things 独出心裁；独创性
manipulate vt. handle or control (esp. a machine) skillfully 熟练地操作
membrane n. soft thin skin in the body, covering or connecting parts of it (生物体)薄膜
millennium n. a period of 1,000 years 一千周年
option n. the freedom to choose 选择自由
orbit n. the path of one heavenly body round another 行星轨道
v. move in an orbit 沿轨道运行
phenomenon n. a fact or event in nature as it appears or experiences by the senses, esp. one that is unusual and/or of scientific interest 现象；有科学意义的；可感知的自然现象
potential a. existing in possibility 潜在的
predict v. see or describe (a future happening) in advance as a result of knowledge, experience, reason, etc 预言；预告
semipermeable a. that can not be completely spread or passed through or into every part of 半渗透的
soar v. fly, go fast or high (as) on wings 高飞，翱翔
trumpet v. declare or shout loudly 鼓吹
verge n. the edge or border 边沿，界限
cochlea n.(医)耳蜗
camcorder n. 摄像放像机
formula n. (赛车)级(方程式)
helium n. 氦
hydrogen n. 氢
impulse n. 脉冲
nitrogen n. 氮
space shuttle 航天飞机
superconductor n. 超导体
zeppelin 齐柏林飞船，飞艇
UNIT 24 CALL FOR ATOM PLANT PROBE
accident-prone a. likely to have accidents 特别易出事故的
build-up n. increase or development; forming steadily 增大；逐步建立
considerable a. fairly large or great in amount, size or degree 很大的，可观的
controversial a. likely to cause or causing much argument or disagreement引起争论的
crack down take disciplinary action against 对……采取严厉措施，对……进行制裁
defective n. a. faulty; imperfect 有缺陷的
deficiency n. state of having none or not enough缺乏，不足
deteriorate v. become worse in quality 变质，恶化
discharge v. send, pour or let out (gas, liquid, etc.) 排出；n. the action of discharging; sth. discharged 排出；排出物
disturbing n. causing anxiety 扰乱，打扰
disused a. no longer used 不用的，废弃的
exclusive a. published by only one newspaper at first; not shared with others 独家报到的；独占的，专有的
inadequate a. not good enough in quality, ability, size, etc. 不适当的，不充足的
initiative n. the first movement or act which starts sth. happening 首创，发端
inspectorate n. a group of inspectors 视察团
inspection n. official visit to judge the quality of sth. or to see that rules are obeyed 视察
maintenance n. keeping sth. in good condition, by making repairs to it and taking care of it 保养，维修
mitigate v. make less severe 使缓和
munitions n. large arms for war, such as bombs, guns, etc. 军火
obsolete a. no longer used; out of date 已废弃的；过时的
probe n. careful and thorough inquiry or examination 探究radiation n. sending out light, heat, etc. 放射，辐射
renew v. give new life and freshness to; repeat 使更新；重复
restore v. give back or bring back; make well or normal again 使恢复，使回复
robust a. vigorous 强健的
scrutiny n. careful and thorough examination; close study or look. 仔细检查，详尽研究
Silo n. a tall cylindric tower or pit 筒仓
sprawl v. spread; stretch out 伸展开；蔓延
urgent a. very important, esp. which must be done or dealt with quickly or first 紧要的
ventilation n. the passing into and around a room, building, etc. of fresh air (空气等的)流通
caesium n. 铯
complex n. 综合企业
oxy-acetylene 氧乙炔的
radioactive a. 放射性的
strontium n. 锶
UNIT 25 SAVE OUR SEALS AND WHALES
absurd a. against reason or common sense, clearly false or foolish 不合理，荒谬的，可笑的，愚蠢的
abundant a. more than enough 丰富的，充裕的
ban v. forbid esp. by law 禁止
breeding n. the producing of young by animals, birds, etc. 生育，繁殖
disregard v. pay no attention to, ignore 不理，不顾，漠视，无视
diverse a. different, various 不一样的，多种多样的
drastic a. strong, sudden, and often violent or severe 激烈的，猛烈的
durable a. long-lasting 耐用的，持久的
encroach v. take more than what is right, usual or natural; invade 侵犯，侵占，吞食
enforce v. cause rules or laws to be carried out effectively; make (sth.) happen by force 实施，执行，强制，强迫
eradicate v. destroy complete 根除，消灭，歼灭
eradication n. extinction, putting an end to (a species) 灭绝，消灭
exploitation n. the act of using fully so as to get profit 开发利用
floe n. large mass of ice floating on the surface of the sea 大块浮冰
gigantic a. usually large in amount or size 巨大的，庞大的
impose v. establish officially 正式确立
indiscriminately ad. unselectively; randomly; not chosen carefully 无选择地，不加选择地，不分青红皂白的
invade v. enter into and spoil; attack and spread into so as to take control of (a country, city, etc.) 侵入，侵略
lull n. pause; a period in which activity is less 暂停，间歇，停滞期
migrate v. travel regularly from one part to another according to the season; change one’s place of living, esp. for a limited period 定期移栖，迁移
proceed v. continue 继续
profitable a. resulting in money gain; money making 有益的，有利可图的，有钱赚的
protest n. (statement of) disapproval or objection 抗议，反对
quota n. a limit on numbers 定额，限额
recommend v. prescribe; speak in favor of 建议，推荐
revival n. rebirth or renewal 再生，新生，恢复
revive v. come back into use or existence 两次利用，再生
roam v. walk or travel without any definite aim or destination over or through (a country ) 漫步，漫游
sanctuary n.( a place of) protection or safety from harm 避难所，庇护所
shift v. move from one place to another; change in position or direction 转移,移动,转变,转向
slaughter n. killing of animals 屠宰
sleek a. ( of hair or fur) smooth and shining (毛发等)油光发亮的
suntan n. browning of the skin from exposure to sunlight 晒黑
temporary a. lasting only for a limited time 暂时的，临时的
transform v. change completely in form, appearance or nature 彻底改变，改造，改革
crayon n.彩色蜡笔
lotion n. 护肤液
UNIT 26 ARE THESE THE BEST YEARS OF YOUR LIFE?
adolescence n. young teenager of about 13~16岁青春期；青春（通常指13~16岁少年）
ailment n. illness 病；精神不安
apparently ad. clearly, obviously 明显地
blissful a. extremely happy 非常幸福；极乐的
bonus n. anything pleasant in addition to what is expected 意想不到的收获
cope v. handle; deal successfully with sth. 处理
decline v. decrease; move from a better to worse position 减少；下降
deny v. refuse to accept as true 否定；不接受
divorce v. end a marriage between husband and wife 离婚
efficient a. working well and without waste 效率高的
expectancy n. the state of expecting 期待，期望
foster v. help to grow and develop 培养；促进
guarantee v. give a promise of quality, payment or fulfilment 保证；担保
incidence n. the rate of happening 发生率
infection n. the state or result of disease being put into body 传染；感染
ingenuity n. skill and cleverness in making and arranging things 机灵；独创性
intact a. whole, uninjured; healthy 未受损的；完整的
internist n. a doctor who specializes in internal medicine 内科医生
maturity n. the state of being fully grown and developed 成熟
measure n. degree or amount 程度；分量；测量
neurotic a. affected with nervous disorder 神经病的；神经过敏的
outlive v. live longer than 活过…，比…经久
pessimism n. tendency to look at the worst aspect of things 悲观
predictable a. that can be seen or told in advance 可预言的
prime n. the time of greatest perfection, strength or activity 全盛时期
reassure v. comfort and make free from anxiety 使放心
resistance n. opposition, standing against 抵抗，反抗
share v. have in common 分享；分担
smart a. vigorous, quick in thinking, clever 精明的，灵巧的
statistical a. of collected numbers which represent facts or measurement 统计的
suicide n. an act of killing oneself 自杀
veteran n. a person who has had long experience 老手；有经验的人
anabolism n. 细胞生长
arthritis n. 关节炎
catabolism n. 细胞死亡
nutrient n. 营养素
psychologist n. 心理学家
rheumatism n. 风湿病
sonata n. （音乐）奏鸣曲
UNIT 27 FAMILY HOLD VIGIL AT GATES OF CHANGE JAIL
abscond v. go away suddenly and secretly because one has done sth. wrong or against the law (为躲避罪责，债务等而)潜逃
assault n. unlawful attack with blows against another person 攻击，袭击
bastard n. ruthless, insensitive person, illegitimate child 坏种，讨厌鬼，私生子
bumble v. speak without making much sense, or so that the words are hard to hear clearly 语无伦次，说话含糊
burglary n. the crime of entering a building by force with the intention of stealing 入室盗窃，夜盗行为
butchery the trade of killing, cutting and selling animals for food 屠宰业
cash n. money in coin or notes 现金
conviction n. finding (someone) guilty for a crime 发现有罪，证明有罪
credit n. belief of others that a person, business company can pay debt, or will keep a promise to pay 信用
dismember v. cut or tear (a body) apart, limb from limb 割下(动物的)肢，肢节
distressed a. suffering great pain, discomfort or sorrow 痛苦的，不舒服的，难受的，悲情的
dump v. drop carelessly 倾倒，把…砰地一扔
elope v. run away from home 私奔，出走
embark v. go on board a ship 上船
environ n. surrounding 周围，附近地区
epitaph n. words commemorating a dead person 纪念死者的诗文，墓志铭
indecent assault an attack with blows and some from of sexual violence 强迫猥亵，非礼
milk v. get money by clever of dishonest means 以巧妙或虚假方式取得金钱
monitor v. observe and watch by means of an electronic receiver (camera) 监视，监控
pose v. set oneself up as; claim to be 摆出，使自己成为，自称
schedule n. plan for a certain future time 计划表，程序表
scrap n. a small piece; bit 小块，少许，一点
scrawl n. sth. written awkwardly or fast or carelessly 潦草模糊的字迹
semi-literate a. partly able to read and write 半文盲的，能读而不能写的
serial a. of or forming a series (set) 连续的，一系列的
sinner n. one who has disobeyed God; wrongdoer (宗教，道德上的)罪人
squad n. small group of persons working or being trained together 小组，小队
traffic v. trade 交易，买卖
victim n. a person (or animal or thing) that suffers death (pain, harm, etc.) as a result of other people’s actions 受害者，牺牲者，受骗者
vigil n. staying awake; remaining watchful for some purpose 彻底清醒，守夜，值夜
heroin n. 海洛因
quarry n. 采石场
UNIT 28 THE WORLD OF MICROBES
annoy v. cause trouble; make a little angry 打搅;使生气
arithmetic n. calculation by numbers; the science of numbers 算术,代数
bacteria n. very small living things, some of which cause diease 细菌
brook n. a small stream 小溪
complicated a. made up of many parts ;complex 复合的，复杂的
conquer v. defeat; be victorious over 征服
constant a. continuous; without break 持续不断的
convenient a. suited to one’s needs 方便的
crumb n. small piece of bread 面包屑
destroy v. tear down or apart; ruin 摧毁，毁坏
disease n. （an） illness or disorder caused by infection or unnatural growth, not by an accident 疾病
favourite n. sth. or sb. loved above all others 特别喜爱的人或物
fertile a. （of land） which produces or can produce good crops 肥沃的
foil n. metal beaten or rolled into very thin paper like sheets 金属薄片，箔
harmful a. damaging 有害的
jelly n. a sweet soft food substance that shakes when moved, made with gelatin 果冻，肉冻，冻
lava n. rock in a very hot liquid state flowing from an ex ploding mountain (volcano) 熔岩
magnify v. make （sth.） appear larger than in reality 放大
microbe n. a living creature that is so small that it can not be seen without a microscope, and that may cause disease 微生物
moisture n. water, or other liquids, in small quantities in the form of steam or mist 潮气
moldy a. covered with soft woolly growth on bread or cheese, etc. 发霉的
multiply v. breed 繁殖
pickle n. vegetable in a type of liquid (esp. vinegar or salt water ) 泡菜
pinch n. an amount that can be picked up between the thumb and a finger 捏，微量
quantity n. a measurable property of something 量，数量
settle v. come to rest, esp. from above 着落，停留
split v. divide into separate parts 分开，劈开，切开
spoil v. （cause to）decay or lose goodness 糟塌，使变坏
stack v. make into or form a neat pile 堆起
surround v. be all around on every side 包围
volcano n. mountain with a large opening at the top through which melting rock, steam, gases etc. escape from time to time 火山
aluminum n. 铝
corkscrewshape n. 螺旋体
marble n. 儿童游戏用的一种弹珠
mildew n. 霉
penicillin n. 青霉素
sauerkraut n. 泡菜
streptomycin n. 链霉素
vinegar 醋
UNIT 29 FOREIGN EXCHANGE AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL
acquire v. gain or come into possession of 获得
acquisition n. the act of acquiring 获得，得到
adverse a. not in favor of; opposing 不利的，相反的
avoid v. miss or keep away from, esp. on purpose 避免，躲开
bond n. a paper in which a government or an industrial firm promises to pay back with interest money that has been lent 债券，公债
bilateral a. between or concerning 2 parties 双边的
cheque n. a written order in a band to pay a certain sum of money from one’s bank account 支票
commerce n. the buying and selling of goods, esp. between different counties; trade 商业，贸易
distinction n. difference 区别，差别
execute v. carry out, to perform or do completely 执行，实施
hedge v. make a fence round a field; protect 围护，保护
in convertible a. that can not be freely exchanged for other types of money
不能兑换（外币）的，不能转换的
license n. an official paper card, etc. showing that permission has been given to do sth.
许可，执照
medium n. substance, surrounding, in which sth. exists or through which sth. moves
中间,媒介
obligation n. a duty 职责，义务
pension n. an amount of money paid regularly to sb. who can no longer earn money by working, esp. because of old age or illness 抚恤金，养老金
prevent v. keep (sth.) from happening or existing 防止，阻止
principal a. most important; main 主要的，首要的
quota n. a stated number or amount, or a limit on a number 定额
quote v. give a price 报价，开价
remit v. send (money) by post 汇寄
repatriation n. bringing or sending (sb.) back to his own country, or to the country of which he is a citizen 遣返回国
resort v. sort again 再分开，再分类
restrict v. keep within limits 限定，约束
terminology n. specialized words and expressions used in a particular science, profession, activity etc. 术语，专门用语
standpoint n. a position from which things are seen and opinions formed 立场，观点
utilize v. make (good) use of 利用
term n.条款
commercial bank 商业银行
coupon n. (附在证券上的)息票
letter of credit 信用证（卡）
traveler’s cheque 旅行支票
UNIT 30 THE VALUE AND COST OF INFORMATION
accrue v. become bigger or more by addition 自然增长
analysis n. an examination of something together with thoughts and judgements about it 分析
anticipate v. expect 期望，预期
assess v. calculate the value of or the amount of for tax purposes 对（财产等）进行估价
benefit v. be useful, profitable, or helpful to 受益
boundless a. without limits 无限的
commodity n. a thing of use or advantage, esp. sth. sold for profit 商品
component n. any of the parts that make up or are needed for a whole (esp. for a machine or system) 组成部分
compound v. put together to form a whole 使复合，使合成
constraint n. the threat or use of force to direct the action of others 强逼，强制
contribute v. help in bringing about 出一份力，贡献出
control v. have power over; rule 控制，统治
data n. facts; information 资料
detect v. find out; notice 发现，注意，觉察
essentially ad. basically 基本上
establish v. set up (an organization) 建立
esteem v. believe; respect and admire 信任；尊重
fragment v. cause to be made up of incomplete parts 使成碎片
frustrate v. cause (sb.) to have feelings of annoyed disappointment 使受挫
gauge n. a standard measure of weight, size, etc., to which objects can be compared 标准尺寸，标准规格
impact n. the force of an idea, invention, system, etc. 影响
intelligence n. information gathered esp. about the rival party, etc; ability to learn and understand 谍报；智力
intrinsic a. being part of thenature or character of someone or something 固有的；内在的
luxury n. great comfort, as provided without worry about the cost 奢侈
magnitude n. greatness of size or importance 大小，重要性
monitor n. 监控
moot a. uncertain, undecided 争论未决的
obvious a. easy to understand; clear 显而易见的
pose v. state; offer for consideration 提出，形成
potential a. existing in possibility 潜在的
precise a. exact in form, detail, measurements, time, etc. 精确的，确切的
preferable a. better (esp. because more suitable) 更可取的，更好的
prevent v. keep (sth.) from happening or existing 防止
propose v. suggest 建议
reduce v. make smaller, cheaper, etc 减小，削价
regulation n. an official rule or order 制度，法规
resource n. the part of possessions in the form of wealth and goods that help one to do what one wants 资源，财力
restrict v. limit; keep within limits 限制，限定
scan v. examine closely, esp. in search 细看，审视
sheer a. mere; unmixed with anything else 纯粹的，不掺杂的
solution n. an act or way of finding an answer to a difficulty or problem 解决办法
strategic a. skillful planning generally; a particular plan for winning success in a particular activity 战略（上）的
survey v. examine the general condition of 概括地观察
technique n. skill in art or some specialist activity 技术，技巧
threat n. statement of an intention to punish or hurt sb., if he does not do as one wishes 威胁
trend n. a general direction or course of development; tendency 趋势
variation n. difference; the qualities that are not the same as each other 变化，不同
verify v. make sure that sth. is correct or true 证实，确证
vie v. compete 竞争
foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率
interest rate 利率
UNIT 31 FIGHTING THE WAR AGAINST EDP CRIME
accumulative a. tending to make or become greater in number or quantity; heap up 积累的，积聚的
activate v. make active 使活跃起来
anonymous a. without a name; with name unknown 无名的；匿名的
apprehension n. (legal) seizing 逮捕
authorize v. allow; permit 许可
asset n. anything owned that has money value 财产
attributable a. that can be considered to be result of; accessible to 可归属的；可归因的
compromise v. make (someone or sth.) open to dishonour, danger, etc. 损害，损坏
confidential a. secret 秘密的
corporate a. of or belonging to a corporation 社团的，法人的
cumulative a. increasing steadily in amount 累积的，渐增的
debug v. search for and remove possible causes of trouble, faults, errors, etc. from a computer programme 移去（程序）中的错误
deliberate a. intentional; done on purpose 蓄意的，故意的
detect v. discover 发现
erase v. rube or scrape out; remove all traces of 擦去，消去痕迹
erasure n. rubbing out; scraping out 删去，消除
espionage n. practice of spying or using spies 谍报，间谍活动
extortion n. the act of obtaining by violence, threats, etc. 敲诈，勒索
generate v. produce 产生
incorporate v. include; make sth. a part of a group 收编，使结成社团
inevitably ad. always unfailingly 照例必有的，老一套的
install v. place fix (apparatus) in position for use 安装
installation n installing or being installed 安置，安装
intimidate v. make sb. fearful enough to do what one wants 恫吓，威胁
log v. record; enter facts in a log-book 记录
lucrative a. profitable 有利的，**的
misappropriation n. taking and using wrongly; application of sb. else’s money to a wrong use 滥用，盗用
package n. parcel, bale, bundle of things；packed together 包裹
paralyse v. make helpless 使瘫痪；使麻痹
paramount a. supreme; highest in rank 至上的
payroll n. list of person to be paid and the amounts due to each total amount of wages, salaries, etc. to be paid to them 工资名单，发放的工资额
permeate v. pass, flow or spread into every part of 渗入，弥漫
sabotage n. purposeful and secretly carried-out damage 蓄意破坏
stereotype n. a fixed pattern representing a type of person, things or events 陈规；老套
substantial a. large, considerable 大的，多的
terminate v. bring to an end; come to an end 使终止
time-bomb a bomb designed to explode at some time after being dropped, placed in position, etc. 定时炸弹
trigger n. the small tongue of metal pressed by the finger to five a gun 报机，触发器
virtually ad. almost, nearly 实际上
vulnerable a. that is liable to be damaged; not protected against attack 易受损害的
hardware n. 硬件
software n. 软件
vault n. (银行等的)保管库
UNIT 32 TRAITOR BLAKE CAN PROFIT FROM MEMOIR
allegation n. statement esp. one made without proof 断言，主张；辩解（尤指提不出证明的）；空言
appeal (to) v. call on a higher court to change the decision of a lower court 上诉
bemused a. confused, bewildered 困惑的，茫然的
betrayal n. the act of being unfaithful 背叛；出卖
breach n. an act of breaking a law, promise, etc. 违法；违约；不履行
capacity n. position, character, ability, power 职位，资格；能力；能量
capture n. the act of being taken by force 捕获，俘虏
confidence n. full trust; secret 信任；吐露的秘密
confidential a. spoken or written in secret 秘密的，机密的
confidentiality n. the quality of keeping secret 秘密性，保密性
convict v. (of a judge )declare in a law court sb. is guilty (of crime) 宣布…有罪
count n. (legal) one of a number of crimes of which a person has been accused (控告的一条)罪状
criminal n. a person who is guilty of crime 罪犯，犯人
deduct v. take away (an amount, a part) from a total 扣除，减去
defendant n. a person in a law trial against whom a charge is brought 被告
depress v. make sad, low in spirits 使沮丧，使消沉
dismiss v. (of a judge ) stop a court case; send away from employment 驳回，对……不予受理
enshrine v. put or keep (as if in a holy place) 珍藏
extinguish v. end the existence of (sth.); put out ( a light or fire) 消灭；熄灭
fidelity n. faithfulness, loyalty 忠诚，忠实
gross a. clearly wrong in law; inexcusable 罪恶昭彰的；不可原谅的
guilty a. having broken a law 犯罪的，有罪的
impart v. give (qualities, knowledge, etc.) 给予；传授；传递
inquiry n. actions and meetings which are to find out how something happened 侦察；审讯
intelligence n. information gathered esp. about an enemy country 情报；谍报
interference n. breaking in upon (other’s affairs) without right or invitation 干涉，干预；干扰
jail n. public prison 监狱
layman n. non-professional person, not expert (esp. with reference to the law and medicine) 门外汉，外行
lodge v. make (a statement ) officially; stay, usu. for a short time 正式提出，正式发表；（暂）住
memoir n. a story of someone’s life, esp. personal life 传记，传略
obligation n. duty 义务；职责，责任
plead v. speak or argue in support of 为…辩护
preside v. be in charge; lead 负责；指挥；主管
profit v. be benefited 得益
recover v. get back (sth. lost ) 重新获得；重新找到
royalty n. sum paid to the owner of a copyright 版税
rule v. decide officially 作出裁决，作出裁定
safeguard v. protect 保护；捍卫；维护
signal n. a sound, image, or message sent by waves as in radio or television 信号
solicitor n. lawyer who prepares legal documents, advises clients on legal matters and speak on their behalf in lower courts (初级)律师
spy n. a person employed to find out secret information as from an enemy 间谍；侦探
surpass v. go beyond in amount or degree 超过，胜过undertake v. affirm, promise; take up (a position ) 肯定地说，保证，许诺；从事
the Attorney-General 首席检察官，检察长
fiduciary a. 信托的；信用的；n. 受信托人
UNIT 33 YOU CALL THIS A GOOD ECONOMY?
adjust v. change slightly to make suitable for new conditions 调整，调节
bet n. risk of money on the result of a future event 打赌的钱，赌注
bindery n. place where books are bound 装订所
boom v. grow rapidly 迅速成长，迅速发展
bracket n. a group of people who share some quality 一类人，等级
breadwinner n. person who works to support a family 养家活口的人
bureaucrat n. government officer who is appointed rather than elected 官僚
capital n. money that may be used for the production of more wealth 资本，资金
compassion n. feeling for the sufferings of others, sympathy 同情，怜悯
contract v. become smaller in size 收缩，缩小
credit n. honour, approval; trust; public attention 荣誉，赞成，相信，信任，瞩目，注目
decently ad. not causing shame or shock to others 不使别人感到害羞地；不使别人感到震惊地
deduction n. amount taken away 扣除量，扣除
efficiency n. the state or quality of working well and without waste 有能力，效力，效率
enterprise n. the courage that is needed to do sth. daring or difficult; an organization esp. a business firm 事业心；事业，企业
equivalent n. sth. that is equal in value, amount, meaning 相等物，等值物，等量物，对应词（语）
expand v.( cause to) grow large 扩大，增长，膨胀
maze n. state of confusion or bewilderment; network of lines, paths, etc. 混乱，迷惑
net n. a remaining amount after tax is paid 净值,净利
physical a. concerning material things 物质的
primal a. first in importance 主要的，首要的
proxy n. an example (of what others are like) 示例，代表
reckon v. calculate without counting exactly 估算，估计
regulator n. person who causes to obey a rule or standard 管理者，调整者
scale n. arrangement in steps or degrees 阶段，等级
sluggish a. slow moving, not very active or quick 缓慢的，懒惰的
stink v. give a strong bad smell 发恶臭
sustain v. keep strong; maintain 支撑，撑住，维持，保持
trounce v. defeat completely; beat or publish severely 打败；痛打；严厉惩罚
tuition n. fee for teaching 学费
upscale a. better than ordinary things, belonging to first-class 质优的；（商品）质优价高的，迎合高层次消费者的
warp n. a twist out of straight line 弯曲，歪斜
yield v. provide, give, produce 提供，给予，出产
inflated a.(物价)上涨的，通货膨胀的
principal n.本金
UNIT 34 GUNMEN SLAUGHTER GREEK PILGRIMS AT CAIRO HOTEL
assailant n. attacker 攻击者，进攻者
confine v. keep within limits 限制
crawl v. move slowly, pulling the body along the ground 爬，爬行；匍匐前进
cripple v. weaken seriously 严重削弱
decline v. refuse politely 谢绝
dodge v. move quickly to escape or avoid sth. 躲闪，躲避，躲藏
extremist n. a person who holds extreme views 极端主义者；过激分子
file v. walk in line 排成纵队行进
flight n. the aircraft making a journey 班机
frail a. weak, fragile 虚弱的；脆弱的
grief n. deep or violent sorrow 悲痛，悲伤
herd v. drive people together as a herd 使集在一起，把…赶在一起
holy a. of God and religion 神的；神圣的
intact a. undamaged 未受损的；完整的
lobby n. a hall or passage, which leads from the entrance to the rooms inside a building 门廊；门厅
martyr n. a person who by his death or sufferings proves the strength of his beliefs 烈士；殉难者
miracle n. remarkable and surprising event 奇迹；非凡的事例；令人惊奇的事情
pilgrim n. a person who travels to a holy place as an act of religious love and respect 香客，朝山进香的人，朝拜圣地者
pilgrimage n. a journey made by a pilgrim 朝圣，朝觐
radical a. (of a person or his opinions) in favour of thorough and complete political change 激进的；激进派的
riddle (with) make many holes in (sth.) 把…打得布满窟窿
riot n. a lot of violent actions, noisy behaviour by a number of people in a public place 暴乱，骚动
score n. twenty, set of twenty 二十
secular a. not religious 世俗的；非宗教（或教会）的
shatter v. break suddenly and violently into pieces 粉碎，破碎
shield n. a broad piece of metal, wood, plastic carried by soldiers, police as protection from blows 盾；防护物；护罩
slaughter v. kill many people cruelly or wrongly 屠杀；残杀
smear v. cover with sth. sticky 涂，抹；敷
spate n. a large number coming together in time 大量；许多
stun v. shock, confuse the mind of 震惊，使大吃一惊；使不知所措
suspicion n. belief about someone’s guilt 怀疑，猜疑；嫌疑
van n. covered or roofed motor vehicle for carrying or delivering goods 大篷货车
wage v. carry on, engage in (war, a compaign) 开展，进行
witness n. a person who is present when something happens 证人；目击者
plastic a. 合成树脂做成的，塑胶做成的
pyramid n. （古埃圾）金字塔
shrapnel n. 榴霰弹
UNIT 35 THE FUTURE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
abundantly ad. in more than enough quantity 充足地
alternative n. sth. that way take the place of another thing 替代物
availability n. obtaining 获得
commodity n. goods; sth. sold for profit 商品
consultation n. exchange of opinions and ideas 商量；磋商
contain v. hold 包住，装
contribution n. the act of giving things or money 捐献
convert v. change from one form or state to another 变换，转换
cooperation n. working together for a common interest 合作
core n. the central part 核心
emerge v. come into being 出现
emigration n. leaving one’s own country in order to go and live in another 移居
endeavor v. make an effort 努力
factor n. element 因素
fluctuate v. vary from one form or state to another 波动，起伏
impact n. effect 影响
innovation n. the introduction of sth. new 革新，创新
level off come to a stop 停滞
merger n. a joining of 2 or more firms, business companies, etc. 合并，联合
objective n. purpose of a plan 目标，目的
pace n. rate or speed of development （发展的）速度，节奏
predict v. see or describe a future happening in advance 预见，预言
preserve v. keep safe from harm or danger 保护，防护
release v. give off 释放，放出
renewed a. of being repeated 重新开始的；（中断之后）继续的
risky a. full of danger 危险的
scarcity n. inadequate supply compared with demands 缺乏，匮乏
specify v. mention exactly 详细介绍，详细说明
speculate v. guess 推测，猜测
storage n. keeping things in a place for later use 贮藏；贮存
sustain v. support 支撑，支持
tourism n. the business of providing tours for tourists 旅游业
trend n. tendency 趋势，倾向
various a. different from each other 各种各样的，各不相同的
converter n. 变换器
dietary a.饮食的
geothermal a. 地热的
geyser n. 间歇喷泉
hydrogen n.氢
lava n.熔岩
radiation n.辐射
saturation n. 饱和
solar a. 太阳的
thermal a.热的
uranium n.铀
UNIT 36 THE WORLD BANK AND THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
adjust v. change slightly, esp. in order to make suitable for a particular job or new conditions 调整
appraise v. judge the worth, quality, or condition of 估价，评估
combine v. come together, unite, act together, or join together 结合，联合
concentrate v. (cause to)come together in or around one place 集中
contribute v. help in bringing about;have a share in 出一份力
cooperative a. make, done, or worked by people acting together 合作的
credit n. the sum of money placed at a person’s disposal by a bank, etc.; advance or loan 存款；贷款
currency n. the particular type of money in use in a country 货币
defend v. keep safe from harm 防卫
deflate v. reduce the supply of money (of) or lower the level of 紧缩（银根）
disequilibria n. loss or lack of balance 失衡
envisage v. have picture in the mind; imagine 设想，想像
establish v. set up 建立
evaluate v. calculate the value or degree of 估价，把…定值
extreme a. the greatest possible 极端的
fiscal a. of or related to public money, taxes, debts, etc. 财政的
gallant a. courageous 有勇气的
imply v. involve the truth of 意指，暗指
institution n. a large society or organization 机构
invest v. put money into something that will increase in value 投资
lynchpin n. an important part 关键
mitigation n. lessening the seriousness of 缓解，缓和
nurture v. train, educate or develop 养育，培育，教养
peg v. fix or hold at a certain level 固定，限定
persist v. continue firmly 坚持
premium n. money paid to an insurance company 保险费
private a. personal; not shared with others 私人的，个人的
proceeds n. money gained from the sale 收入，收益
proportion n. a part or share 部份，份儿
sound a. solid and strong 坚实的，稳定的
sour v. turning out to be bad or wrong; disappointing 使变酸腐；使失望
speculate v. buy or deal in goods , shares, etc. 投机
stable a. not easily moved, upset, or changed; firm; steady 稳固的，稳定的
subscribe v. give money to 捐助
surplus n. (an amount ) additional to what is needed or use, as of money 余额
float bands 发行债券
parity n. 平价（指官定货币汇兑比值）
softloan n. 软币贷款
UNIT 37 COSMIC CLOSE-UPS
astronaut n. a person who travels through space in a space vehicle 宇航员
astrophysics n. the scientific study of the chemical nature of the stars and the natural forces that influence them 天体物理学
billow v. rise and roll in waves （波浪似地）翻腾
breathtaking a. very exciting 激动人心地
capture v. hold the interest of; captivate 引起（注意）；迷住
cataclysm n. a violent and sudden change or event 灾变，大变动
churn v. (cause to) more about violently 剧烈搅动
collaborate v. work together or with someone else 协作，合作
collision n. the action of meeting and striking (together) violently 碰撞，冲突
cosmic a. of or related to the whole universe 宇宙的
cosmos n. the whole universe 宇宙
crucial a. of deciding importance 决定性的，关键的
devastate v. destroy completely 彻底破坏
dimension n. a measurement in any one direction 尺寸，尺度，维
distract v. take (a person or a person’s mind) off sth. 分散，分心
domesticate v. make…able to live with and serve man 驯化，使归化
elliptical a. having the shape of oval 椭圆型的
exquisite a. very finely made or done; sensitive and delicate 优美的，精巧的，敏锐的
fragment n. a small broken piece 碎块，断片
galaxy n. any of the large groups of stars which make up the universe 星系
gigantic a. unusually large in amount or size 巨人似的，庞大的
gravitation n. the act of drawing down 地心引力，吸引力
horizon n. line at which earth and sky meet 地平线
illuminate v. give light to 照亮，照明
intricate a. containing many detailed parts and thus difficult to understand 复杂的，难懂的
melancholy n. sadness, esp. over a period of time and not for any particular reason
伤感，忧郁
mission n. the duty or purpose for which a certain group of people are sent 使命,任务
momentous a. extremely important 重大的，重要的
mothball v. be in storage 封存
obscure a. hard to understand; not clear 昏暗的，模糊不清的
observatory n. a place from which scientists watch the stars and other heavenly bodies
天文台
opaque a. lasting for ever or for a long time 永恒的，不断的
perspective n. a view, esp. one stretching far into the distance 前景，展望
plausible a. seeming to be true or reasonable 似合理的
potential a. existing in possibility 潜在的，有可能性的
precision n. great exactness 精确，精密
profound a. having, showing or suing thorough knowledge and deep understanding
深刻的，渊博的
radiate v. send out (light or heat) 发射，散发（光，热等）
redeem v. make a mends for 修复
remarkable a. unusual, noticeable 非凡的，显著的
satellite n. a heavenly body moving around a larger one (a planet) 卫星
scramble v. move or clime quickly, esp. over a rough or steep surface 攀爬，攀登
sear v. burn with a sudden powerful heat 烧焦，烧灼
shroud v. cover and hide 覆盖，掩蔽
smudge v. make or become dirty with a mark of rubbing 弄脏，涂污
spectacular a. grandly out of the ordinary; attracting excited notice 壮观的，引人注意的
spew v. come out in a rush or flood, gush 涌出，喷
startling a. caused to jump or be quickly surprised 令人吃惊的
stun v. cause to lose the senses or sense of balance 使晕眩
unravel v. make clear 阐明，澄清
vista n. a distant view, to which the eye is directed between narrow limits, as by rows of trees 远景，深景
comet n. 慧星
multimegaton n. 数百尤吨级
quasar n. 类星体
ultraviolet n. 紫外线
UNIT 38 POLLUTION IS A DIRTY WORD
abandon vt. give up 放弃，废弃
absorb v. take or suck in 吸入
concentration n. bringing or coming together at one point 集中
consume v. eat or drink; use or use up 吃光，喝光；消费
consumption n. the act of consuming 消耗；消费
contaminate vt. make dirty, impure or diseased 弄脏，污染
convert v. change sth. from one form into another 使转化
crucial a. decisive; of deciding importance 决定性的，紧要关头的
dilemma n. a problem situation for which there is no desirable solution 困境
discard v. get rid of as useless 丢弃
disposable a. intended to be used once and then thrown away 一次性使用的
dispose v. get rid of 除掉
drastic a. strong, sudden and often violent or severe 激烈的，猛烈的
dump v. throw or drop in a heap or carelessly 倾倒
eliminate vt. remove; get rid of 除掉
exceptionally a. unusually 异常的
exhaust v. use up 耗尽
foresight n. ability to see into the future 预见力
hover n. remain in the air at one place 盘旋，翱翔
impurity n. foreign material which make sth. unfit for use; the state of not being pure 杂质
ingenious a. clever and skillful in doing or inventing sth. 灵巧的
intensify v. make stronger or more serious 使强化；加剧
invaluable a. too valuable for the worth to be measured 无价的
junkyard n. a place where old useless things are discarded 垃圾场
leftover n. remaining 剩余；残物
manufacture v. make or produce by machinery, esp. in large quantities 制造
orient v. give direction or guidance to 定…的位；调整
purify v. make pure 提纯；纯化
reusable a. that can be used again 可再利用的
sludge n. thick mud; the product of sewage treatment 淤泥，污泥
smokestack n. chimney used by factories to discharge smoke into the upper air 大烟囱
stack n. a pile of sth., like lumber 堆，垃圾堆
stumble vi. trip and almost fall 绊一脚，绊跌
thereby ad. by that means; in that connection 由此，从而
unsightly a. displeasing to the eye 不顺眼的；难看的
vicious a. dangerous; cruel 险恶的
wear out reduce to a useless state by use 磨损，用坏
compressor n. 压缩机
diaper n. 尿布
toaster n. 烤面包器；烤面包电炉
toothpaste tube 牙膏管；牙膏皮
wrapper n. 包装物
UNIT 39 MORE PEOPLE AND MORE PRODUCTS
advantage n. definite benefit; sth. that may help one to be successful or to gain a desired result 优点，优势，好处
approximately ad. nearly; almost 近似；大约
assemble v. fit or put together (sth. such as a machine) 装配
campaign n. series of planned activities to gain a special object 运动
concentrate v. bring or come together 集中
considerably ad. much; a great deal 很多地
constant a. happening all the time; continuous or without break 不断的，经久的
drought n. a long period of dry weather, when there is not enough water 干旱
enrich v. make finer in quality 使丰富，装饰，增美
epidemic n. disease spreading rapidly among many people in the same place for a time 流行病
famine n. serious lack of food 饥荒
feasible a. workable; possible; able to be carried out or done 行得通的，可实行的
figure n. symbol for a number 数字
furthermore ad. moreover; in addition 而且，此外
hygiene n. science of healthy living and cleanliness 卫生学
hygienic a. of hygiene; likely to promote health; free from disease germs 卫生学的，促进健康的
migrate v. move from one place to another; change one’s place of living 迁移，移居
migration n. the act of migrating 迁移，移居
mountainous a. full of or containing mountains 多山的
occupy v. line in; take possession of 占领，占据
populace n. common people 平民，大众
populate vt. live or settle in an area 居住于…中
prehistoric a. of a time before recorded history 史前的
preservation n. preparation of food to resist decay (食品)保藏
profitable a. resulting in money gain 有利有图的
replace v. take the place of 代替，取代
security n. the state of being safe 安全
significantly ad. importantly 重大地
specialize v. trained or adapted for a particular job or purpose; limit all or most of one’s study, business, etc. to particular things or subjects 专门研究，专攻
specific a. particular or certain 特有的，特定的
supervise v. keep watch over work and workers as the person in charge 监督
transportation n. a means or system of carrying passengers or goods from one place to another 运输
billion n.（英）万亿：（美）十亿
(the) plague n. 鼠疫，黑死病
tropical a. 热带的，炎热的
UNIT 40 KEEPING FOOD ON THE TABLE
accomplish v. finish successfully 完成
approximately ad. nearly correctly but not exactly 大约地；近似地
combat v. fight or struggle against 跟…战斗；拼搏
compensate v. provide with a balancing effect for 补偿；赔偿
defect n. some loss or something lacking or imperfect 欠缺；缺点；不足之处
deplete v. lessen greatly in quantity, contents, power or value 使空虚；使减少；使枯竭
devastate v. destroy completely 破坏
drainage n. the flow of excess water 排水，放水
erosion n. the action or result of wearing or robbing away 腐蚀；侵蚀
feat n. an action showing strength, skill or courage 武艺，技艺；壮举
fertile a. (of land) which produces good crops; rich 肥沃的，富饶的
flourish v. grow healthily 繁荣；兴旺
graze v. (of animals) feed on grass 喂草；放牧
herd n. group of animals of one kind which feed together 兽群；牧群
identical a. exactly alike 完全相同的
innovation n. new ideas, methods or inventions 新观点；新方法；革新、创新
intensive a. growing too much crops on a limited piece of land; giving too much in a limited space or time 精耕细作的，集约的；集中的
livestock n. animals kept on a farm 家畜，牲畜
misleading a. causing to think or act wrongly 误导的；引入歧途的
nutrient n. chemical or food providing for life and growth 营养品，营养物
offspring n. the young of an animal 幼仔，后代
overwhelming a. very great 很大的；势不可挡的；压倒之势的
pasture n. a grass land used as food for cattle 牧场
potential n. possibility for developing or being developed 潜力；潜能
precious a. that must not be wasted; extremely valuable 宝贵的，珍贵的
prosperity n. the state of having good fortune and success 幸运；成功
radiate v. send out ( light or heat ) 发射（光线或热量）
replenish v. put new supplies into; fill up again 补充；添加；（再）装满
restrict v. keep within limits 限制；限定；约束
rotate v. plant different crops each year; take turns in regular order 轮作
substantial a. noticeable; important 显著的；重大的
trait n. particular quality of something 特性，特点
tranquility n. being peaceful; freedom from anxiety 和平；宁静，安静，安宁
triple v. cause to grow to three times the amount or number 三倍于；使增至三倍
yield n. output; the amount that is produced 产量，收获量
embryo n. 胚胎
insemination n. 授精
semen n. 精液
superovulation n. 多排卵
surrogate mother 代孕母体
uterus n. 子宫
UNIT 41 JUDGE HALTS TV INTERVIEW WITH MAJOR
appeal n. a call to a higher count to change the decision of a lower court 上诉
ban n. an order for forbidding sth. 禁令
budget n. a plan of how much money to take in and how to spend it 预算
bully v. force or frighten someone to do sth. 强迫…做；恐吓…做
clip n. cut of sth. by leaving out parts of it 剪，剪短
commentator n. a broadcaster who gives opinions or descriptions during an event, football match etc. 时事评论员，实况播音员
commitment n. a promise to following a certain course of action 许诺，（商业上的）约定
curb n. controlling influence 控制，约束，抑制
executive a. concerned with making or carrying out decisions, esp. in business 执行的，实施的
exposure n. a case of being exposed to the public 曝露，揭露，曝光
fierce a. angry, violent and cruel 生气的，凶猛的，残忍的，强烈的
hangover n. the feeling of headache, sickness etc. the day after drinking too much alcohol （酗酒或吸毒后的）宿醉，（指头痛，恶心等不适感）
impartiality n. being fair or giving equal attention to all concerned 公平，公正，一视同仁
injunction n. official order to do or not to do 命令，指令，禁令
legislate v. make laws 立法，制定法律
memorandum n. a note of sth. to be remembered 备忘录
panorama n. a thorough representation in words or pictures 概观，概论，全景
passionate a. showing or filled with strong, deep, often uncontrollable feeling 热烈的，热情的，激昂的
pledge n. a solemn promise or agreement 誓言，誓约，保证
predecessor n. a person who held (an official) position before someone else 前辈，前任者
prejudice v. cause to have unfair and often unfavorable opinion not based on reason 使抱偏见，使怀成见
prelude n. sth. that comes before and acts as an introduction to sth. more important 序言，序幕，序曲
privatize v. cause to become one’s own 把（公有财产等）收归所有，使私有化
prospect n. sth. that is expected or considered probable 指望，盼望的事物
skeptical a. doubtful 怀疑的
shareholder n. owner of one or more shares in a business 股票拥有者，股东
submission n. suggestion; idea, opinion 建议，意见，看法
substantial a. noticeable, important 显著的，重大的
substitute v. put sth. in place of another 代替，替代
transmit v. send out radio or television signals; broadcast 发射，传送，播送
transmitter n. an apparatus that sends out radio on television signals 发射机，发报机
uphold v. confirm; give approval to 批准，赞成，拥护，同意
UNIT 42 “SMART” LIFTS TAKE JAPAN’S MANAGERS UPMARKET
advanced a. far on in development, modern先进的，现成的
amplify v. make louder , larger, greater ; explain in greater detail放大；详述
audible a. able to be heard；hearable听得见的
basement n. the lowest part of a building， partly or wholly below ground level 底层；地下室
block n. part; area 街区
booming n. growing rapidly 迅速发展
canteen n. a place in a factory, company, etc. where people may buy and eat food, meals, drinks, sweets, etc. 小卖部；餐室
console n. a flat surface containing the controls for a machine, electrical apparatus, etc. 控制台，仪表板
directory n. a book or list of names, facts, etc. 名录簿，记事本
distinctive a. clearly marking a person or thing as different from others 与众不同的
drab a. dull; uninteresting; cheerless 单调乏味的
drum up v. obtain by continuous effort, esp. by advertising 大力征集，招徕
entrance n. a gate, door, or other opening by which one enters 入口处
exalted a. of high rank; full of joy of the success 高贵的；兴奋的；得意扬扬的
feature v. have as a special character 以…为特色
gadgetry n. small machines or useful apparatuses 小机件；玩意儿
graphics n. lettering, drawings, etc. 图解，字母书写
imprecise a. not exact 不精确
innovation n. a new idea, method or invention 革新，新方法
noticeable a. that can be noticed; worth noticing 显而易见的；值得注意的
novelty n. sth. new and unusual 新颖，新奇
prestigious a. admirable; respectable 有威信的；受尊敬的
remarkable a. unusual; deserving attention 异常的；值得注意的
rival n. a person with whom one competes 竞争对手
short-lived a. lasting only for a short time 短命的，短暂的
showcase n. enclosed shelves with glass in which objects are placed for looking at; a place where goodness is displayed 陈列柜；（优点等）展示
sign up sign an agreement to take part in sth.; enlist 签字；应征
situated a. in a particular place 处于某种境地的
skyscraper n. very tall city building 摩天楼
sophisticated a. complicated; worldly-wise 复杂的；老于事故的
unnoticeably ad. without being seen or noticed 被忽视地
electronics n. 电子学；电子业
fuzzy-logic circuit 模糊逻辑电路
headquarters n. 总部；司令部
panel n. 控制板
processor n. 处理器
subsidiary n. 子公司
wind avenue 风道
wind-tunnel n. 风洞 |
|